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The Genealogy of Jesus Christ
- 1 The book of the genealogy of Jesus Christ, the son of David, the son of Abraham:
- 2 Abraham was the father of Isaac, and Isaac was the father of Jacob, and Jacob was the father of Judah and his brothers.
- 3 And Judah was the father of Perez and Zerah by Tamar, and Perez was the father of Hezron, and Hezron was the father of Ram.
- 4 And Ram was the father of Amminadab, and Amminadab was the father of Nahshon, and Nahshon was the father of Salmon.
- 5 And Salmon was the father of Boaz by Rahab, and Boaz was the father of Obed by Ruth, and Obed was the father of Jesse.
- 6 And Jesse was the father of David the king. And David was the father of Solomon by the wife of Uriah.
- 7 And Solomon was the father of Rehoboam, and Rehoboam was the father of Abijah, and Abijah was the father of Asa.
- 8 And Asa was the father of Jehoshaphat, and Jehoshaphat was the father of Joram, and Joram was the father of Uzziah.
- 9 And Uzziah was the father of Jotham, and Jotham was the father of Ahaz, and Ahaz was the father of Hezekiah.
- 10 And Hezekiah was the father of Manasseh, and Manasseh was the father of Amon, and Amon was the father of Josiah.
- 11 And Josiah was the father of Jeconiah and his brothers, at the time of the deportation to Babylon.
- 12 And after the deportation to Babylon: Jeconiah was the father of Shealtiel, and Shealtiel was the father of Zerubbabel.
- 13 And Zerubbabel was the father of Abihud, and Abihud was the father of Eliakim, and Eliakim was the father of Azor.
- 14 And Azor was the father of Zadok, and Zadok was the father of Achim, and Achim was the father of Eliud.
- 15 And Eliud was the father of Eleazar, and Eleazar was the father of Matthan, and Matthan was the father of Jacob.
- 16 And Jacob was the father of Joseph the husband of Mary, by whom Jesus was born, who is called Christ.
- 17 Therefore all the generations from Abraham to David are fourteen generations; and from David to the deportation to Babylon, fourteen generations; and from the deportation to Babylon to the Christ, fourteen generations.
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The Conception and Birth of Jesus
- 18 Now the birth of Jesus Christ was as follows: when His mother Mary had been betrothed to Joseph, before they came together she was found to be with child by the Holy Spirit.
- 19 And Joseph her husband, being a righteous man and not wanting to disgrace her, planned to send her away secretly.
- 20 But when he had considered this, behold, an angel of the Lord appeared to him in a dream, saying, “Joseph, son of David, do not be afraid to take Mary as your wife; for the One who has been conceived in her is of the Holy Spirit.
- 21 And she will bear a Son; and you shall call His name Jesus, for He will save His people from their sins.”
- 22 Now all this took place in order that what was spoken by the Lord through the prophet would be fulfilled, saying,
- 23 “Behold, the virgin shall be with child and shall bear a Son, and they shall call His name Immanuel,” which translated means, “God with us.”
- 24 And Joseph got up from his sleep and did as the angel of the Lord commanded him, and took Mary as his wife,
- 25 but kept her a virgin until she gave birth to a Son; and he called His name Jesus.
Evaņģēlijs -
εὐαγγέλιον- labā vēsts, kurεὐ- labs, unἀγγελία- vēsts.Autors
Matejs, viens no 12 apustuļiem, ir Mateja evaņģēlija autors. Vārds Matejs nozīmē "Jahves dāvana". Matejs bija muitnieks, kuru Jēzus aicināja sev sekot. Matejs to arī darīja (9:9-13). Marka un Lūkas ev. viņš tiek saukts ar viņa otro vārdu - Levijs. Matejs, uzskaitot 12 apustuļu vārdus (Mt. 10.nod.), vienīgi sev ir pielicis klāt nodarbošanos: "Matejs, muitnieks" (Mt. 10:3).
Mateja ev. ir viens no sinoptiskajiem evaņģēlijiem, un jautājums par tā līdzību ar, piem., Marka evaņģēliju liek jautāt par to savstarpējo atkarību. Piem., vai Matejs izmantoja Marka ev. un papildināja vēl ar to, ko viņš pats, būdams Jēzus apustulis, bija piedzīvojis un dzirdējis? Un kāpēc lai viņš to nedarītu, ja viņš zināja, ka Marka ev. ir patiess?
Sarakstīšanas laiks
Mateja ev. ir ar jūdu iezīmēm, tāpēc kādi uzskata, ka tas rakstīts kristīgās draudzes sākuma laikā, kad draudze pamatā sastāvēja no jūdiem un evaņģēlijs tika sludināts vienīgi jūdiem (Ap.d. 10. un 11.nod., arī 11:19). Tomēr tie, kas uzskata, ka Matejs un Lūka daudz izmantojuši Marka ev., Mateja ev. datē vēlāk, - pēc tam kad Marka ev. jau kādu laiku bija bijis lietots.
Adresāti
Matejs savu evaņģēliju sarakstījis grieķu val. (ir arī uzskats, ka aramiešu vai ebreju val., bet tam nav pierādījumu). Viņa lasītāji, acīmredzot, runāja grieķu val. un evaņģēlija judaiskās iezīmes liek domāt, ka primārie evaņģēlija lasītāji bijuši jūdi. Uz to norāda:
Tas tomēr nenozīmē, ka Matejs evaņģēliju domājis tikai jūdiem. Matejs stāsta par magiem (nejūdiem), kas nāca pielūgt Jēzu (2:1-12), kā arī ir uzrakstījis Jēzus sacīto, ka "tīrums ir pasaule" (13:38); vēl: lielā pavēle (28:18-20). Tāpēc, kaut arī Mateja ev. ir ar jūdu iezīmēm, tas tomēr ir universāls.
Vēstules sarakstīšanas iemesls un nolūks
Mateja galvenais nolūks ir pierādīt saviem jūdu lasītājiem, ka Jēzus ir viņu Mesija. Matejs rāda, kā Jēzus savā dzīvē un kalpošanā piepildīja VD Svētos rakstus. Lai gan visi evaņģēliju autori citē no VD, Matejs dod vēl 9 tekstus no VD (1:22.23; 2:15; 2:17.18; 2:23; 4:14-16; 8:17; 12:17-21; 13:35; 27:9.10), lai pierādītu, ka Jēzus ir Mesija, par Kuru runā VD pravietojumi.
Uzbūve
Arī Mateja evaņģēlija uzbūve varēja palīdzēt jūdu lasītājiem, proti, evaņģēlija materiāls ir būvēts ap piecām lielām runām (ļoti iespējams, ka šīs 5 lielās runas ir veidotas kā 5 Mozus grāmatu atspulgs):
Tas, ka tas ir darīts apzināti, ir skaidrs no vārdiem, kas nobeidz katru no šīm runām:
Stāstījuma daļas, kas atrodas pirms katras no Jēzus runām, labi pieved pie šīm runām. Evaņģēlijam ir prologs (1. un 2.nod.) un spēcīgs epilogs (28, 16 - 20). Piecdaļīgais evaņģēlija sadalījums varētu likt domāt, ka Matejs savu evaņģēliju ir veidojis pēc Pentatoiha (pirmās piecas VD grāmatas) parauga. Varbūt Matejs evaņģēliju pasniedz kā jaunu Toru un Jēzu kā jaunu un lielāku Mozu (sk. Dt. 18:15.18):